ArticleScience advances2026
The structure of a complex, asymmetric coronal mass ejection revealed by 17 spacecraft across the inner heliosphere.
Adrienn Luspay-Kuti, Drew L Turner, Evangelos Paouris, Angelos Vourlidas, Alexander B Crew, Ralph L McNutt, Joseph H Westlake, Savvas Raptis, Corey J Cochrane, Xianzhe Jia and 21 more
Abstract read
In one paragraphArticle in Science advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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What it found
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2 · The registryThe trial behind it
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4 · The recordCorrections and comments
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5 · Who and what moneyAuthors and funding
31 authors.
Adrienn Luspay-KutiJohns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11000 Johns Hopkins Rd., Laurel, MD 20723, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7744-246X Drew L TurnerJohns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11000 Johns Hopkins Rd., Laurel, MD 20723, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2425-7818 Evangelos PaourisJohns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11000 Johns Hopkins Rd., Laurel, MD 20723, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8387-5202 Angelos VourlidasJohns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11000 Johns Hopkins Rd., Laurel, MD 20723, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8164-5948 Alexander B CrewJohns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11000 Johns Hopkins Rd., Laurel, MD 20723, USA.
Ralph L McNuttJohns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11000 Johns Hopkins Rd., Laurel, MD 20723, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4722-9166 Joseph H WestlakeNASA Headquarters Heliophysics SMD, 300 E Street SW, Suite 5R30, Washington, DC 20546, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0472-8640 Savvas RaptisJohns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11000 Johns Hopkins Rd., Laurel, MD 20723, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4381-3197 Corey J CochraneJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4935-1472 Carol A RaymondJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4213-8097 Haje KorthJohns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11000 Johns Hopkins Rd., Laurel, MD 20723, USA.
Daniel HeynerBraunschweig University of Technology, Universitätsplatz 2, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
Kathleen HanleyUniversity of California, Berkeley, 366 Physics North MC 7300, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6250-7665 Jacob R GruesbeckNASA Goddard Space Flight Center, 8800 Greenbelt Rd., Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.
Jasper S HalekasDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, 30 N Dubuque St., Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5258-6128 Shannon M CurryLaboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7463-9419 Howard Todd SmithJohns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11000 Johns Hopkins Rd., Laurel, MD 20723, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3537-3360 Michael L StevensHarvard Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, 60 Garden St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7728-0085 Elias RoussosMax Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 3, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-5699-0678 Margaret G KivelsonUniversity of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3859-8581 Dany WallerJohns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11000 Johns Hopkins Rd., Laurel, MD 20723, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6310-3766 Krishan K KhuranaUniversity of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2856-1171 Tom Andre NordheimJohns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11000 Johns Hopkins Rd., Laurel, MD 20723, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5888-4636 Abigail M RymerJohns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11000 Johns Hopkins Rd., Laurel, MD 20723, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4879-0748 Norbert KruppMax Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 3, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-4683-9533 Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
6 · The paper itselfAbstract
Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are enormous bursts of plasma and magnetic field from the Sun that propagate explosively through the Solar System. CMEs are the primary drivers of the most severe space-weather events, posing major radiation hazards for human exploration beyond Earth's magnetosphere, including missions to the Moon and Mars. During Europa Clipper's cruise between Earth and Mars, its Plasma Instrument for Magnetic Sounding (PIMS) recorded unusual solar-wind conditions later identified as the wake of a complex CME. Data from an unprecedented network of 17 spacecraft across the inner Solar System revealed a hidden Earth-directed component that propagated asymmetrically and could not have been predicted without off-Sun-Earth-line observations. This component also affected Europa Clipper and Mars, demonstrating how a missed forecast of this kind could endanger a crewed mission. These findings highlight the need for multipoint observations, including planetary missions in cruise, to improve space-weather forecasting, mission planning, and operations.
Identifiers
PMID42616892
PMCPMC13488933
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