Early Childhood Development of Rohingya Children Living in Refugee Camps.

M Mofizul Islam, Irfath Sharmin Eva, Md Mashiur Rahman, Jannat Ul Ferdosh

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Journal of immigrant and minority health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

M Mofizul IslamDepartment of Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia. mofi.islam@latrobe.edu.au.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1330-863X

Irfath Sharmin EvaDepartment of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Md Mashiur RahmanDepartment of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Jannat Ul FerdoshDepartment of Health and Social Care, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This cross-sectional study examined early childhood development (ECD) among 36-59-month-old Rohingya children (n = 298) living in refugee camps in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. Based on caregiver responses to 10 standard ECD questions, 73.6% of children were developmentally on track overall, although only 39.1% were on track in the literacy-numeracy domain. Compared with Bangladeshi children from the 2019 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, a slightly higher proportion of Rohingya children (26.4% vs. 25.5%) were developmentally delayed, performing relatively poorly in the physical and learning domains. Multivariable regression analysis indicated that children's older age, greater exposure to stimulation activities, and household internet access were significantly associated with being developmentally on track. Despite limited resources in refugee settings, interventions that expand early learning opportunities and promote positive parenting could meaningfully improve developmental outcomes among displaced children. Future research should include larger, more representative samples to enhance precision and strengthen generalisability.

Indexed as

Child developmentDevelopmental delayEarly childhood developmentLiteracy and numeracyRefugeeRohingya

Identifiers

PMID42616289

DOI10.1080/03004279.2022.2154615

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.