ArticleEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2026
Reciprocal associations between parent-child relationships and adolescent depressive symptoms: The longitudinal mediation role of insomnia and sex differences.
Article in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundAlthough parent-child relationships and adolescent depressive symptoms have been shown to have reciprocal associations, most studies have either focused on only one parent (typically the mother) or have combined mother-child and father-child relationships into a single overall parenting score. This study aimed to examine the different reciprocal associations of father-child and mother-child relationships with adolescent depressive symptoms, and whether insomnia mediated these associations.
methodA total of 939 Chinese adolescents completed three surveys (baseline M
resultsThe random intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM) indicated that at the within-person level, adolescents' depressive symptoms were significantly negatively associated with father-child relationships from T1 to T2 (β = -.14, p < .01) and from T2 to T3 (β = -.12, p < .01), whereas no significant associations were found with mother-child relationships. Insomnia mediated the associations between father-child and mother-child relationships and adolescents' depressive symptoms(indirect effect: father-child relationship, β = -.10, p < .001; mother-child relationship, β = -.05, p = .01).
conclusionThis study highlights the important role of fostering parent-child relationships in interventions for depression, while also underscoring the importance of addressing adolescent insomnia in developmental models of parent-child relationships and depressive symptoms.
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