Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42615004›Full record

ArticlePublic health challenges2026

From Locus of Control to Fear: How Intolerance of Uncertainty Shapes Young Arab Adults' Perceptions of Artificial Intelligence.

Georges Kerbage, Camille Akkari, Rabih Hallit, Diana Malaeb, Fouad Sakr, Mariam Dabbous, Nisma Merdad, Tabassum Rashid, Rizwana Amin, Kamel Jebreen and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Public health challenges, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Georges KerbageSchool of Medicine and Medical Sciences Holy Spirit University of Kaslik Jounieh Lebanon.
Camille AkkariSchool of Medicine and Medical Sciences Holy Spirit University of Kaslik Jounieh Lebanon.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1416-0550
Rabih HallitSchool of Medicine and Medical Sciences Holy Spirit University of Kaslik Jounieh Lebanon.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6918-5689
Diana MalaebCollege of Pharmacy Gulf Medical University Ajman UAE.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2436-850X
Fouad SakrSchool of Pharmacy Lebanese International University Beirut Lebanon.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6905-5814
Mariam DabbousSchool of Pharmacy Lebanese International University Beirut Lebanon.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-3497
Nisma MerdadPsychology Department College of Humanities Effat University Jeddah Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6518-3758
Tabassum RashidPsychology Department Al Akhawayn University Ifrane Morocco.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2118-9773
Rizwana AminPsychology Department College of Humanities Effat University Jeddah Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3262-6329
Kamel JebreenDepartment of Mathematics Palestine Technical University-Kadoorie Hebron Palestine.
Btissame ZarrouqFaculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University Fez Morocco.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2996-8459
Amthal AlhuwailahDepartment of Psychology Kuwait University Kuwait City Kuwait.
Hanaa Ahmed Mohamed ShuwiekhDepartment of Psychology Fayoum University Faiyum Egypt.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2050-2713
Souheil HallitSchool of Medicine and Medical Sciences Holy Spirit University of Kaslik Jounieh Lebanon.
Feten Fekih-RomdhaneThe Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane" Razi Hospital Manouba Tunisia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2569-8017
Sahar ObeidDepartment of Psychology and Education School of Arts and Sciences Lebanese American University Jbeil Lebanon.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0735-4704

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: This cross-sectional study examines whether intolerance of uncertainty (IU) is indirectly associated with the relationship between internal and external locus of control (LoC) and fear of autonomous robots and artificial intelligence (FARAI) in a convenience sample of Arabic-speaking adults from four Arab countries. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in July 2023, including 1849 participants with an average age of 21.37 years, of whom 74.3% were females. Data were collected using a distributed Google Form link. Results: The results indicated that prospective anxiety was indirectly associated with the relationship between internal LoC and fear of AI. A greater internal LoC was associated with increased prospective anxiety, which, in turn, was strongly correlated with greater FARAI scores. Internal LoC was not directly related to FARAI scores. Similarly, inhibitory anxiety was indirectly associated with the relationship between internal LoC and FARAI. Greater internal LoC strongly correlated with lower inhibitory anxiety, whereas greater inhibitory anxiety strongly correlated with greater FARAI scores. Again, no direct relationship was found between internal LoC and FARAI scores. Inhibitory anxiety was indirectly associated with the relationship between external LoC and FARAI; greater external LoC correlated with greater inhibitory anxiety, which was correlated with greater FARAI scores. External LoC was not directly related to FARAI scores. Conclusion: IU, through both prospective and inhibitory anxiety, was indirectly associated with the relation between LoC and FARAI. Because the design was cross-sectional, these findings represent associations rather than causal effects, and several of the indirect associations were small in magnitude. Tackling these forms of anxiety in young adults could be one avenue worth exploring for managing AI-related fears.

Indexed as

fear of artificial intelligenceintolerance of uncertaintylocus of control

Identifiers

PMID42615004
PMCPMC13484895

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.