ArticleInternational journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease2026
Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Progression: Regulation of Macrophage Polarization and Hyaluronic Acid Metabolism.
Article in International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Alveolar microenvironment-driven macrophage polarization critically influences chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) progression. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a key transcription factor, regulates macrophage polarization, suppresses inflammation, and promotes cellular repair. However, its role in macrophage-mediated inflammation and metabolic regulation, particularly hyaluronic acid (HA)-related remodeling, remains incompletely defined. This study investigates a novel dimension of NRF2 in COPD pathogenesis through macrophage-specific modulation, aiming to uncover its previously unrecognized mechanism. Methods: Macrophage-specific Results: Conclusion: Macrophage-specific NRF2 protects against CS-induced COPD-like lung injury by restraining inflammatory activation and preserving macrophage polarization-associated balance. Proteomic and validation analyses further nominate HA metabolism-related remodeling, particularly the CD44/CD74-associated response, as a biologically plausible feature of NRF2-deficient disease progression. These findings define a macrophage NRF2-linked inflammatory-remodeling axis in COPD-like pathology while highlighting the need for functional studies to establish whether HA/CD44 signaling is a causal downstream mechanism.
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