Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42614697›Full record

ArticlePhotoacoustics2026

High-speed photoacoustic laser streaming and on-demand fluid mixing in a microfluidic chip with carbon nanotube-based elastomers.

Daxin Jiang, Peng Yu, Qichao Yang, Yizheng Wang, Chunhui Xu, Zhuochen Duan, Yiqian Zhang, Feng Lin, Jiming Bao, Chong Wang

Abstract readLetter
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Photoacoustics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Daxin JiangYunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China.
Peng YuInstitute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.
Qichao YangYunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China.
Yizheng WangYunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China.
Chunhui XuYunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China.
Zhuochen DuanYunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China.
Yiqian ZhangYunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China.
Feng LinYunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China.
Jiming BaoDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Center for Superconductivity (TcSUH), University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA.
Chong WangYunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Carbon nanotube (CNT)-based elastomers are renowned for generating high acoustic pressures via the photoacoustic effect, while little photoacoustic laser streaming (PALS) has been observed. In this work, we overcome this challenge by identifying laser spot diameter and repetition rate as two most important parameters governing PALS with CNT-polydimethylsiloxane (CNT-PDMS) composite elastomers. When a nanosecond laser with the repetition rate of 2000 Hz was focused to a 200 µm spot, we achieved a record-high PALS velocity of 28.1 cm/s. This soft, low-cost photoacoustic elastomer can mix two fluids within one minute in a milliliter-scale container, and it allows on-demand mixing of two laminar flows simply by switching on the laser without the need for microelectromechanical structures integrated into microfluidic channels. The high-speed PALS and controllable microfluidic mixing, established CNT composite elastomer as an excellent PALS medium and opens up new possibilities for practical photoacoustic microfluidics.

Indexed as

Carbon nanotubesMicrofluidic chipMicrofluidic mixerPhotoacoustic elastomerPhotoacoustic laser streaming

Identifiers

PMID42614697
PMCPMC13482216

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.