Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42614627›Full record

ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2026

A Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial of One vs Two Doses of High-Dose Influenza Vaccine in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients.

Kevin Escandón, Sophia Q Tang, Jamie Forschmiedt, Kwang Low, Bob C Lin, Jenny Lu Wang, Mike Castro, Sandeep Narpala, Leonid A Serebryannyy, Jodi Anderson and 8 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Kevin EscandónDivision of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7173-7486
Sophia Q TangDepartment of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7066-5075
Jamie ForschmiedtDivision of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0134-2589
Kwang LowVaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Bob C LinVaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1373-1406
Jenny Lu WangVaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Mike CastroVaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8045-1754
Sandeep NarpalaVaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Leonid A SerebryannyyVaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Jodi AndersonDivision of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Jarrett ReichelDivision of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Richard A KoupVaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Kyle D RudserDivision of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Hareesh SingamDivision of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3788-7763
Joshua RheinDivision of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0480-9646
Susan KlineDivision of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Timothy W SchackerDivision of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2451-9937
Lauren M FontanaDivision of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6931-2198

Funding

University of Minnesota Clinical and Translational Science Institute (UMN CTSI)UM1TR004405 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI Bruce R Blazar, Damien A Fair · 2023 to 2026
$30.8M
NCATS NIH HHS UM1 TR004405
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) exhibit suboptimal immune responses to standard-dose influenza vaccines. High-dose (HD) vaccines and booster strategies show promise, but the optimal vaccination approach for SOTRs remains undefined. We sought to evaluate a double vs a single HD influenza vaccine regimen, with the hypothesis that the double HD would yield superior immunogenicity. Methods: This randomized clinical trial during the 2023-2024 and 2024-2025 influenza seasons compared the immunogenicity, clinical outcomes, and safety of 2 HD 1 month apart vs 1 HD influenza vaccines in 65 adult SOTRs at the University of Minnesota. The study comprised 3 visits: baseline, 1-month follow-up, and 4-month follow-up. Results: The primary analysis showed greater but no statistically significant geometric mean fold rises (GMFRs) of ID Conclusions: While a single HD vaccine provides an initial immune response, an HD booster appeared to improve overall immune responses to influenza strains contained in the vaccine formulation, although confirmation in larger, adequately powered studies is needed.

Indexed as

immunogenicityimmunosuppressioninfluenzainfluenza vaccinesolid organ transplantation

Identifiers

PMID42614627
PMCPMC13481982

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.