Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42613407›Full record

ArticleBehavior research methods2026

The Unity Playback System: A tool for visualizing behavioral data in 3D Unity virtual environments.

Xavier J Marshall, Nathaniel V Powell, Brett R Fajen

Abstract read
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Article in Behavior research methods, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Xavier J MarshallCognitive Science Department, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA. xmarshall.dev@gmail.com.
Nathaniel V PowellCognitive Science Department, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA.
Brett R FajenCognitive Science Department, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA.

Funding

National Science Foundation NSF BCS 2218220
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The use of virtual environments, display technology, and eye tracking in behavioral studies has become more widespread in recent years as a result of drops in hardware cost and improvements in hardware mobility. Some studies of human behavior are conducted in 3D virtual environments created using tools such as the Unity game engine and open-source Unity Experiment Framework. However, the raw data from eye trackers, motion capture systems, and input devices (e.g., computer mouse, game controller, steering wheel/foot pedal system) are often noisy and difficult to validate and interpret without visualization. Such visualizations are best implemented in the context of the original environment, but manual implementation to verify experimental results can significantly stall data analysis. To address these issues, we created a generic experimental playback system for Unity that is capable of replaying the frame-by-frame state of the environment without leaving the engine. This GUI-based tool, which we call the Unity Playback System (UPBS) includes options for creating customized visualizations of the behavior of human subjects from different perspectives. We demonstrate the utility of this tool in the context of a simple virtual block stacking task as well as a more complex visually guided steering task, and we discuss how it can facilitate the analysis of gaze data collected in 3D virtual environments.

Indexed as

User-Computer InterfaceVirtual RealityEye MovementsEye-Tracking TechnologyHumansMotion CaptureData visualizationEye trackingUnity game engineVirtual Environments

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.