NeuroSift for Task-Aware Quality Assurance of Multimedia Data in Remote Parkinson Disease Assessment: Machine Learning Model Development and Validation Study.

backgroundAutomated multimedia analysis of remotely recorded tasks offers a scalable approach to screening and remote monitoring of movement disorders such as Parkinson disease (PD). However, unsupervised recordings often suffer from quality issues that compromise model reliability. General multimedia quality checks may not detect task-specific failures, such as poor hand visibility during finger-tapping, inadequate facial framing during smile tasks, or background noise during speech tasks.

objectiveThis study aimed to develop and evaluate NeuroSift, a task-aware, interpretable machine learning framework for assessing recording quality and task compliance in home-recorded multimedia data collected for remote PD assessment.

methodsWe analyzed 2516 home-recorded audio and video segments from 3 tasks: finger-tapping, facial expression (smile), and speech (pangram utterance). Three experts rated recordings as poor, borderline, or good quality. Task-specific annotation guidelines were developed through iterative review and discussion. We extracted interpretable features aligned with observable quality and compliance criteria and trained task-specific quality classification models. Interrater reliability was evaluated before and after guideline implementation using quadratic weighted Cohen κ (QWK), pairwise agreement, complete agreement, and intraclass correlation. Model performance was evaluated on a held-out test set (labeled using expert consensus) using accuracy, QWK, and ordinal classification accuracy (OCA, an accuracy metric that accounts for the ordered relationship among poor, borderline, and good labels). Feature importance was examined using Shapley additive explanations (SHAP), a method for estimating how individual features contribute to model predictions.

resultsThe task-specific guidelines significantly improved interrater reliability across all tasks (P<.001)-QWK increased from 0.46 to 0.89 for finger-tapping, from 0.61 to 0.84 for smile, and from 0.64 to 0.90 for speech. For 3-class quality classification, the best-performing models achieved QWK values of 0.71 for finger-tapping, 0.56 for smile, and 0.72 for speech. OCA was 82.1% for finger-tapping, 76.9% for smile, and 89.9% for speech. Most errors were adjacent-class errors, such as classifying poor recordings as borderline, whereas severe errors, such as classifying good recordings as poor, were rare. SHAP analyses identified task-specific sources of quality degradation that aligned with the annotation guidelines.

conclusionsNeuroSift was evaluated as a task-aware quality-classification framework for identifying low-quality or noncompliant multimedia data prior to downstream PD assessment. By combining structured quality guidelines, interpretable features, and explainable machine learning models, NeuroSift supports more transparent and user-correctable remote data collection. Although this study did not test downstream clinical impact, the framework offers a practical approach for quality-aware workflows that rely on user-recorded audio or video. This approach may extend beyond PD assessment to other remote settings, including telehealth, rehabilitation, and digital recruitment. Future studies should evaluate NeuroSift on independent datasets and examine its effects on downstream model performance, fairness, user experience, and workflow integration.