ArticleJAMA network open2026
Psychosocial Stressors and Heart Failure Risk Among Black Women in the US.
Article in JAMA network open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Importance: Black women are disproportionately susceptible to developing heart failure and display more severe morbidity and mortality compared with White women. Factors contributing to excess heart failure risk among Black women remain incompletely understood. Objective: To characterize the associations of components of psychosocial stress, including experiences of interpersonal racism and childhood or adolescent abuse, with heart failure development among Black women. Design, Setting, and Participants: This was a prospective cohort study with baseline assessment in 1997 for racism and 2005 for abuse variables and median follow-up of 24 years (IQR, 16-24 years), ending in 2023. The cohort included Black Women's Health Study participants who were free from heart failure at baseline. Participants resided across all geographic regions of the US. Exposures: Participants completed questionnaires on perceived interpersonal racism, including questions on everyday interactions and perceived discrimination in employment, housing, or with police. Self-reported type and frequency of childhood or adolescent abuse were also ascertained. Main Outcome and Measures: Incident heart failure, ascertained via questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess prospective associations of psychosocial stress exposures with incident heart failure. Results: Among 48 320 Black women (median age at baseline, 40 years [IQR, 32-48 years]; median baseline body mass index [BMI], 27 [IQR, 24-32]), 1343 heart failure events were observed. Perceived discrimination in employment, housing, or interactions with police was associated with increased heart failure risk, with the highest risk observed in the 11% of participants who experienced discrimination in all 3 domains (hazard ratio [HR], 1.27 [95% CI, 1.06-1.52] in multivariate models). The HR for highest (vs lowest) quartile of daily racism score was 1.23 (95% CI, 1.05-1.45) in age-adjusted analyses but was attenuated to 1.04 (95% CI, 0.88-1.22) after adjustment for clinical risk factors. Frequent childhood (HR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.16-2.06) or adolescent (HR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.34-2.58) sexual assault (≥4 times) was associated with elevated heart failure risk, with some attenuation after multivariable adjustment, although adolescent abuse remained significant (HR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.04-2.00). In mediation analysis, BMI was observed to be a partial mediator (proportion mediated, 19.6%-35.9%) of the associations of childhood or adolescent sexual abuse (≥4 times) with incident heart failure. Conclusions and Relevance: In this cohort study of US Black women, perceived interpersonal racism and sexual abuse in childhood or adolescence were associated with increased heart failure risk decades later; as these exposures are more prevalent among Black than White women, they may represent risk factors that contribute to heart failure disparities. Future studies are needed to elucidate mechanisms linking psychosocial stress to heart failure, such as changes in BMI.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.