ArticleGenetica2026
Comparative chloroplast genomics and phylogenomic insights into the genus Zehneria (Cucurbitaceae).
Article in Genetica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The genus Zehneria (Cucurbitaceae) presents significant taxonomic challenges due to morphological similarities among species and a lack of resolution in molecular studies. In this study, we sequenced and assembled the chloroplast genomes of seven African Zehneria species collected from Kenya, complementing a previously published accession (Zehneria sp. MZ427944.1), to establish a comprehensive plastome-based framework for the genus. The plastomes ranged from 157,150 to 157,365 bp and exhibited a conserved quadripartite structure, with 130-132 annotated genes, including 86-87 protein-coding genes, 36-37 tRNAs, and 8 rRNAs. Structural variation, particularly in non-coding regions and inverted repeat boundaries, was observed, with eight hypervariable loci providing potential targets for molecular marker development. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) analysis revealed a predominance of A/T mononucleotides across species. Codon usage analysis revealed a strong AT-bias across all species, with codons ending in A or U accounting for 72.2% of synonymous codon preferences. Selective pressure analysis identified eight protein-coding genes with Ka/Ks ratios exceeding 1.0, including psaJ and rps8, proposed as candidate molecular barcodes pending further validation. Phylogenomic analysis of 79 protein-coding genes strongly supported the monophyly of Zehneria (ML bootstrap = 96-100%; PP = 1.0), with one node showing slightly reduced support (BS = 96%), and enhanced resolution of interspecific relationships compared to prior studies using fewer loci. This work offers novel insights into genomic diversity and evolutionary history of sampled Zehneria species, providing a critical molecular resource for future taxonomic and phylogenetic studies within Cucurbitaceae. Broader taxon sampling, particularly from Asian lineages, will be necessary to fully resolve interspecific relationships across the genus.
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