ArticleSurgery today2026
Validation of versatile training tissue based on konjac powder materials as a surgical training model.
Article in Surgery today, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
purposeSimulation-based surgical training is becoming increasingly important. However, dry laboratory materials lack tissue realism, whereas wet laboratory training raises ethical and cost concerns. We investigated Versatile Training Tissue (VTT), a konjac glucomannan-based model designed to solve problems. This study validated the use of VTT as an educational tool for surgical simulation.
methodsTwenty physicians, including 10 expert surgeons and 10 novice residents, performed dissection, ligation, excision, and suturing using the VTT (VESSEL-IN TYPE). The participants' performance was evaluated by three blinded specialist surgeons using four items extracted from the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills. Additionally, evaluations were conducted based on the measured procedural time and wound dehiscence area.
resultsThe expert group showed significantly better performances than the novice group in terms of the modified Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills (14.0 vs. 8.7 points, P = 0.007), procedural time (455.5 vs. 891.6 s, P = 0.002), and wound dehiscence area, representing a 58% reduction (4.12 vs. 9.92 mm2, P = 0.039, Cohen's d = 1.025).
conclusionsThe VTT demonstrated construct validity as an objective assessment tool for surgical training, offering realistic tissue properties. Our results suggest that VTT could be used as a simulation model for surgical training.
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