Trial reportDrug design, development and therapy2026
Ciprofol versus Propofol for Emergence Agitation and Recovery Quality in Pediatric Dental Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Trial report in Drug design, development and therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Clarifying the Assessment of Emergence Agitation and Postoperative Recovery in Young Children Receiving Ciprofol or Propofol for Dental Surgery [Response to Letter].Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Article
- Who Is Reporting Recovery? Concerns About Guardian-Completed QoR-15 in a Pediatric Anaesthesia Trial [Letter].Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Article
- Assessment: An Unresolved Intercurrent Event in a Randomized Trial of Ciprofol versus Propofol [Letter].Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Article
- Clarifying the Assessment of Emergence Agitation and Postoperative Recovery in Young Children Receiving Ciprofol or Propofol for Dental Surgery [Letter].Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: This prospective randomized controlled trial compared the effects of ciprofol versus propofol on emergence agitation severity, as measured by Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scores, and on postoperative recovery quality in children undergoing dental procedures under general anesthesia. Patients and Methods: This single-center, prospective, double-blind trial enrolled 160 children aged 3-7 years (ASA I-II) scheduled for dental treatment under general anesthesia. Participants were randomized 1:1 to receive ciprofol (n=80) or propofol (n=80). The primary outcome was EA incidence, defined as a Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) score >10 at 5 minutes after awakening. Secondary outcomes included PAED score, extubation and emergence times, postoperative pain (FLACC), respiratory complications, quality of recovery (QoR-15), and parental satisfaction. Results: The incidence of EA was 3.8% (3/80) with ciprofol vs 7.5% (6/80) with propofol, with no statistically significant difference between groups (absolute difference: -3.75%; 95% CI: -12.22% to 4.00%; Conclusion: While the incidence of emergence agitation did not differ significantly between groups, ciprofol was associated with significantly lower PAED scores, indicating reduced EA severity, along with faster emergence, improved recovery quality and higher parental satisfaction compared with propofol. These findings suggest that ciprofol may be an effective alternative to propofol in pediatric outpatient dental anesthesia, though the lack of a statistically significant difference in the primary outcome warrants cautious interpretation.
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Registered trials
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