ReviewFrontiers in medicine2026
Serum biomarkers for the prediction and diagnosis of preeclampsia: a systematic meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy.
Review in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
Background: Preeclampsia, a life-threatening gestational complication for maternal-fetal health, necessitates prediction (across all trimesters) to improve clinical outcomes. Serum biomarkers, by revealing core pathological mechanisms such as angiogenic imbalance, have emerged as potential screening tools. However, the heterogeneity in their predictive efficacy and clinical utility requires evidence-based synthesis. Objective: To comprehensively evaluate the predictive potential of seven categories of serum biomarkers and clarify their clinical application value. Methods: Databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched from inception to January 20, 2026, to identify studies evaluating the diagnostic performance of serum biomarkers for preeclampsia. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated using bivariate random-effects models and the hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (HSROC) model. Results: A total of 22 studies (7,772 participants) were included. The sFlt-1/PIGF ratio demonstrated the highest diagnostic accuracy, with a pooled sensitivity of 85%, specificity of 83%, and AUC of 0.923. For individual biomarkers, sFlt-1 showed a sensitivity of 78% (95% CI: 74-82%) and specificity of 79% (95% CI: 75-83%) with an AUC of 0.881; PIGF showed a sensitivity of 74% (95% CI: 70-78%) and specificity of 76% (95% CI: 72-80%) with an AUC of 0.859. Endoglin and leptin exhibited moderate diagnostic performance (AUCs of 0.814 and 0.768, respectively) but were limited by high heterogeneity ( Conclusion: This meta-analysis demonstrates that the sFlt-1/PIGF ratio exhibits superior diagnostic accuracy for preeclampsia, particularly during the second trimester.
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