ArticleFrontiers in oncology2026
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to health management among patients receiving intravesical instillation.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to health management among patients receiving intravesical instillation. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted between July 1, 2025 and December 1, 2025. Patients receiving intravesical instillation were recruited using convenience sampling and completed an online, self-designed Chinese questionnaire distributed via Wenjuanxing and WeChat. The questionnaire collected sociodemographic characteristics and assessed three KAP domains. Results: A total of 422 valid questionnaires were included. Most participants were male (71.8%), with age groups of <60 years(27.3%), 60-69 years(39.8%), and ≥70 years (32.9%). Mean (SD) scores were 10.26(2.40) for knowledge(possible range: 0-15), 39.42 (6.90) for attitude (possible range: 12-60), and 39.39 (6.15) for practice (possible range: 10-50). SEM was conducted using a saturated path model with χ² = 0 and df = 0; therefore, the global fit indices were not interpreted as evidence of model adequacy. The SEM results showed significant direct effects of knowledge on practice (β=0.272, P<0.001) and attitude on practice (β=0.252, P<0.001), while the knowledge-attitude pathway was not significant (β=0.049, P = 0.317). Multivariate analysis showed that higher knowledge (OR = 1.291, 95%CI 1.170-1.424, P<0.001) and more positive attitudes (OR = 1.070, 95%CI 1.033-1.106, P<0.001) independently predicted better practice. Knowledge and attitude were both positively correlated with practice (r=0.306 and r=0.238, respectively; both P<0.001). Conclusion: Participants demonstrated suboptimal knowledge, neutral attitudes, and positive practices regarding health management during intravesical instillation. Improved practice was mainly driven by knowledge and attitudes rather than by a sequential knowledge-to-attitude effect. Proposed item-informed interventions, including clarification of regimen-related misconceptions, support for fear of recurrence and side-effect concerns, and training in simple coping behaviors, may help strengthen patient self-management and adherence, but their feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness should be further evaluated in future implementation studies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.