Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42608569›Full record

ReviewDie Ophthalmologie2026

[The new standard for diagnostic near reading charts-DIN EN ISO 7921:2024].

Wolfgang Radner, Rainer Kirchhübel, Frank Müller, Vinzenz Rudnay, Armin Ettl

Abstract readEnglish AbstractReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Die Ophthalmologie, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Wolfgang RadnerKarl Landsteiner Privatuniversität für Gesundheitswissenschaften GmbH, Dr. Karl-Dorrek-Str. 30, 3500, Krems, Österreich. vienormous@outlook.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8752-5077
Rainer KirchhübelInternational Organization for Standardization (ISO), Working Group ISO/TC 172/SC 7/WG 6 (Ophthalmic instruments and test methods), Chemin de Blandonnet 8, 1214, Vernier, Genf, Schweiz.
Frank MüllerInternational Organization for Standardization (ISO), Working Group ISO/TC 172/SC 7/WG 6 (Ophthalmic instruments and test methods), Chemin de Blandonnet 8, 1214, Vernier, Genf, Schweiz.
Vinzenz RudnayKarl Landsteiner Privatuniversität für Gesundheitswissenschaften GmbH, Dr. Karl-Dorrek-Str. 30, 3500, Krems, Österreich.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-8659-5055
Armin EttlKarl Landsteiner Privatuniversität für Gesundheitswissenschaften GmbH, Dr. Karl-Dorrek-Str. 30, 3500, Krems, Österreich.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWith the publication of the DIN EN ISO 7921:2024 standard, an international standard for medical near reading charts has been introduced for the first time. This standard enables the determination of a valid and internationally comparable threshold for near visual performance, i.e., the reading acuity. MATERIAL AND

methodsThis article reports on the central contents and scientific background of this standard. It describes the definition of print size based on the x‑height, the geometric (logarithmic) progression of print sizes, standard testing distances and requirements regarding illumination, contrast and typefaces.

resultsThe standard defines the calculation principles for print sizes in their geometric (logarithmic) progression, including the permissible tolerances as well as conditions such as test distance, illumination and contrast. The standard notation logRAD is used because it precisely represents the geometric scaling of print sizes and is well established in scientific practice. Other geometric notations are not excluded for clinical use. The typefaces specified are Helvetica and Times New Roman or typefaces similar to these.

conclusionDiagnostic reading charts are class I medical devices. DIN EN ISO 7921:2024 establishes, for the first time, an internationally uniform basis for diagnostic reading charts and thereby enables comparable and reproducible measurements of reading acuity. Together with the mandatory registration of medical devices in EUDAMED since 2026, this standard strengthens the validity, comparability and traceability of reading acuity measurements in clinical and scientific use and thus also enhances legal reliability.

Indexed as

ReadingVision TestsVisual AcuityGermanyHumansFunctional visionLogRADNear visionReading acuityVision tests

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.