ArticleBioresources and bioprocessing2026
Nitrogen deprivation differentially alters lipid accumulation and pyrolysis-derived volatile profiles in three microalgal species.
Article in Bioresources and bioprocessing, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Nitrogen deprivation (N-) is widely used to induce lipid accumulation in microalgae. However, its impact on the relationship between lipid accumulation and thermochemical behavior remains poorly understood. In this study, a comparative experimental approach was used to evaluate the effects of nitrogen availability on growth kinetics, lipid accumulation, and pyrolysis-derived volatile compounds in Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliquus, and Nannochloropsis oculata. Under nitrogen-replete conditions (N +), all species showed higher growth rates, whereas N- reduced proliferation but increased lipid content by 5.0-fold in C. vulgaris, 2.4-fold in S. obliquus, and 1.8-fold in N. oculata. Py-GC/MS analysis revealed that N- shifted the pyrolysis profile toward lipid-derived compounds, particularly C16-C18 fatty acids, long-chain alcohols, and hydrocarbons. In C. vulgaris, oleic acid (22.3%) and alcohol derivatives dominated; in contrast, N + conditions exhibited a more heterogeneous profile, including aromatics and sterols. N. oculata maintained a predominance of lipid-derived compounds, with N- associated with a higher contribution of oxygenated compounds. In S. obliquus, the pyrolysis profile under N + was characterized primarily by esters and reactive intermediates, while under N- it was dominated by hydrocarbons (13.6%) and alcohols. Nitrogen deprivation increased lipid accumulation in all three microalgal species, but the volatile compounds generated during pyrolysis remained species-dependent. Despite the higher lipid content under nitrogen deprivation, the corresponding pyrolysis profiles did not show a consistent relationship with lipid accumulation. These results indicate that lipid-rich biomass does not necessarily exhibit similar thermochemical behavior across microalgal species and suggest that evaluating feedstocks based solely on total lipid content may overlook species-specific differences relevant to bioenergy production.
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