Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42605528›Full record

ArticleGenetics2026

Genotype imputation and error estimation in connected multiparental populations.

Chaozhi Zheng, Eligio Bossolini, Nataša Formanová, Antje Rohde, Martin P Boer, Fred A van Eeuwijk

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genetics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Chaozhi ZhengMathematical & Statistical Methods-Biometris, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen 6708PB, Gelderland, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-6030-3933
Eligio BossoliniBASF Belgium Coordination Center CommV, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 101, Ghent 9052, East Flanders, Belgium.
Nataša FormanováBASF Belgium Coordination Center CommV, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 101, Ghent 9052, East Flanders, Belgium.
Antje RohdeBASF Belgium Coordination Center CommV, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 101, Ghent 9052, East Flanders, Belgium.
Martin P BoerMathematical & Statistical Methods-Biometris, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen 6708PB, Gelderland, the Netherlands.
Fred A van EeuwijkMathematical & Statistical Methods-Biometris, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen 6708PB, Gelderland, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-3672-2921

Funding

BASF Belgium Coordination Center CommV
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Multiparental populations have been produced for quantitative trait loci mapping in many crops, where next-generation sequencing has become a cost-effective tool for genotyping. Previously, we have developed a hidden Markov framework denoted by MagicImpute_mma for genotype imputation in a multiparental population, which was implemented in Mathematica. However, its computational time increases quickly with the number of founders. In this work, we extend MagicImpute_mma into MagicImpute for increasing computational efficiency and robustness to various types of errors. Particularly, it has the following novel features: (i) allowing for multiple multiparental populations that may be connected by sharing founders, (ii) allowing for many missing founders that are not available for sequencing, (iii) accounting for allelic bias and overdispersion in next-generation sequencing data, (iv) inferring marker-specific error rates and filtering for markers with low error rates, and (v) being implemented in the high-performance Julia language. Besides extensive simulation studies, we evaluate MagicImpute by 3 real datasets: the rice F2 population with sequence depth being low, the apple cross-pollinated population with parents being outbred, and the sorghum multiparent advanced generation intercross population with 10 male sterile lines (out of 29 founders) missing. The results show that MagicImpute is well capable of imputing many missing founders if there are sufficient offspring (eg 20 per founder) and that MagicImpute is accurate for genotype imputation in connected bi- or multiparental populations with various types of sequence errors, and it opens up new opportunities for quantitative trait loci mapping after imputing many missing founders.

Indexed as

GenotypeAlgorithmsGenetics, PopulationHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingModels, GeneticOryzaPolymorphism, Single NucleotideQuantitative Trait LociSoftwareSorghumallelic biasconnected populationsMPPmultiparent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC)multiparental populationsnext-generation sequencing

Identifiers

PMID42605528
PMCPMC13643761

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.