Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42605339›Full record

ArticleClinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)2026

Outcomes of Pediatric Ophthalmology Referrals Following School- and Community-Based Vision Screening: Five-Year Retrospective Analysis of Referral Cases with Caregiver Telephone Survey.

Elliot H Choi, Celine Nguyen, John D Hong, Sophia Kim, Susie Suh, Christina Chung, Carolline Rodrigues Menezes, Kimberly R Walker, Joseph Bui, Annabelle Storch and 5 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Elliot H Choi *Jules Stein and Doheny Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Celine Nguyen *Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
John D Hong *Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5563-417X
Sophia KimGavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
Susie SuhGavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
Christina ChungGavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
Carolline Rodrigues MenezesGavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6381-0543
Kimberly R WalkerGavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
Joseph BuiGavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
Annabelle StorchGavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.ORCID 0009-0009-2480-1260
Jennifer EspinozaGavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
Kourosh ShahrakiGavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6448-6351
Iliana MolinaGavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
Hyojin KimGavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7703-5170
Donny W SuhGavin Herbert Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0348-2060

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: The University of California, Irvine (UCI) Eye Mobile provides vision screenings and comprehensive eye exams for children, with referrals to pediatric ophthalmologists as needed. This study evaluates the indications for these referrals, follow-up rates, patient-reported outcomes, and appointment wait times. Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of de-identified records from UCI Eye Mobile patients referred to pediatric ophthalmologists. Additionally, telephone interviews were held with parents of referred children. Results: Between the academic years of 2018-19 and 2022-23, 3619 children received eye exams through the UCI Eye Mobile. Of these, 75 (2.1%; 95% CI 1.7-2.6%) were referred to pediatric ophthalmologists. The primary referral reasons included strabismus (32.0%), optic nerve or posterior segment evaluation (26.7%), and amblyopia (14.7%). Among surveyed families, 95.5% (95% CI 84.9-98.7%) secured a follow-up appointment. Outcomes for children who were evaluated by a specialist included new glasses or patching therapy (78.1%), routine follow-up (9.4%), and surgery (9.4%). Among children with available post-referral outcomes, 93.5% (95% CI 79.3-98.2%) showed caregiver-reported improvement. Follow-up and improvement outcomes were based on caregiver telephone survey responses, obtained from 44 of 75 referred families (58.7%). The median wait time for a pediatric ophthalmologist was 8.0 weeks (IQR 6.0-13.0 weeks). Conclusions: The UCI Eye Mobile plays a crucial role in early detection and referral for pediatric ocular conditions requiring ophthalmologic care. However, delays in care due to prolonged wait times and limited healthcare access persist, particularly in underserved populations. Addressing these barriers is critical to improving timely access to pediatric ophthalmologic services.

Indexed as

amblyopiamobile clinicophthalmology referralpediatricsstrabismusvision screening

Identifiers

PMID42605339
PMCPMC13477664

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.