Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42605003›Full record

ArticleThe plant genome2026

Development of an open-pollinated genetic mapping framework to facilitate the identification of QTL in apples.

David Hickok, Awais Khan, Kelly Robbins

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The plant genome, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

David HickokPlant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Geneva, New York, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7699-8444
Awais KhanPlant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Geneva, New York, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0424-7727
Kelly RobbinsPlant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9522-9585

Funding

National Science Foundation 1922551New York State Department of Agriculture and MarketsUSDA, Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) 2023-67013-39303USDA, National Institute of Food and Agriculture 1023572USDA, National Institute of Food and Agriculture RC111414A
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Genetic mapping of traits in apples (Malus domestica), a temperate woody perennial, is challenging due to high heterozygosity, long juvenility, and extensive spatial maintenance requirements for the populations. These factors limit the effective use of traditional quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping methods in identifying the genetic basis of traits critical for apple production, marketability, and sustainability. We explored the use of open-pollinated (OP) genetic mapping as an alternative to conventional biparental QTL mapping and genome-wide association studies. A QTL was simulated, and the performance of a mixed linear model (MLM) and a multi-locus mixed model (MLMM) in QTL mapping accuracy was compared using a genotyping-by-sequencing dataset of seven interspecific Royal Gala × Malus sieversii biparental F1 populations. The simulation results show that the MLMM outperformed the MLM by accurately identifying the simulated QTL. Analysis of power indicated that a population size of 183 individuals is required to reach a power = 0.8 for a simulated major effect QTL. Mapping resolution analysis showed that a population size of 470-600 individuals, depending on local recombination rates, is necessary to achieve high resolution within the OP population. Simulations demonstrate the potential of OP-based genetic mapping for identifying QTL in apples, reducing the logistical challenges associated with traditional QTL mapping methods. Our results show that OP-based genetic mapping could be used to speed up the identification of novel alleles directly from diverse germplasm collections in apples.

Indexed as

Chromosome MappingMalusPollinationQuantitative Trait Loci

Identifiers

PMID42605003
PMCPMC13492597

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.