ArticleScientific reports2026
Engineering a 3D-structured quaternary ammonium hydrogel as a high-efficiency interfacial barrier for mild steel corrosion in marine environments.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The development of sustainable, high-performance polymeric barriers is critical for extending the service life of mild steel in chloride-rich environments. This study introduces a novel cross-linked quaternary ammonium-based acrylamide hydrogel (QAAHG), synthesized via free-radical copolymerization of acrylamide (AAm) and (4-vinylbenzyl)trimethylammonium chloride (VBTAC) and evaluates its performance as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. Beyond standard inhibition, the hydrogel's 3D network provides a unique structural framework for the dense orientation of quaternary ammonium groups at the metal-electrolyte interface. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of amide carbonyl and quaternary ammonium C-N functional groups, while X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the entirely amorphous nature of the hydrogel matrix. At the optimal concentration of 100 ppm, QAAHG achieved inhibition efficiencies of 90.98% (gravimetric) and 93.8% (potentiodynamic polarization), suppressing corrosion current density from 112.2 to 6.95 µA cm⁻² and produced a corrosion potential shift of 69 mV, indicating mixed-type inhibition with a predominant anodic contribution. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) confirmed a peak impedance inhibition efficiency of 95.3% at 100 ppm, with charge transfer resistance (R
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