ArticleAntimicrobial resistance and infection control2026
Antimicrobial stewardship in practice: determinants of prescription behaviour and developing interventions to improve surgical prophylaxis in a Rwandan tertiary hospital-a mixed methods study using the behaviour change wheel.
Article in Antimicrobial resistance and infection control, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundBehavioural sciences should be used to design and improve antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) interventions aiming surgical prophylaxis (SP).
methodsA mixed-methods study at the University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Rwanda. The study included an audit on SP practices and the development of SP interventions based on determinants of prescription behaviour yielded by 2 group discussions and by applying the Capability, Opportunity Motivation Behaviour (COM-B) model and the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) framework.
resultsThe audit included 190 patients: SP prescription was inappropriate regarding determinable duration in 37% (51/139); dosage in 19% (32/167); choice in 77% (136/177) and adequate coverage of expected micro-organisms in 20% (34/175). In 31 patients (16%), SP was appropriate for all four determinants. Barriers of prescription behaviour change pertained to knowledge of guidelines, hierarchical dynamics, access to antimicrobials, inter-professional communication, entrenched routines, documentation issues and lacking surveillance of surgical site infections and antimicrobial resistance. Facilitators of prescription change were the development of a local guideline and audit and feedback processes after implementing change. Subsequent policies and interventions were developed, focusing on (1) developing a local SP guideline, (2) education and training, (3) strengthening drug availability and (4) monitoring and feedback on SP practices before and after implementing change.
conclusionsThis mixed methods study showed suboptimal SP practices regarding to duration, dosage, choice and adequate coverage. Barriers and facilitators of prescription behaviour change touched on all COM-B categories and informed the development of tailored AMS interventions, focusing on the intervention functions "education", "training", "environmental restructuring" and "enablement".
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