ArticleInfection and drug resistance2026
Rapid Triage of Smear-Positive Tuberculosis Suspects with a Commercial DNA Microarray: A Real-World Experience from 1100 Sputum Specimens.
Article in Infection and drug resistance, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the real-world utility of a commercial DNA microarray assay for early triage of Methods: This retrospective single-center study analyzed 1100 smear-positive sputum specimens submitted to Guangzhou Chest Hospital between January 2019 and December 2023. All specimens were processed in parallel using MGIT960 liquid culture and DNA microarray testing. For a subset of MGIT960 culture-positive specimens, MPT64 antigen testing was performed as per routine clinical practice for species identification. The study initially described the distribution of species identification results by microarray. Subsequently, in a subset of specimens with both microarray and MPT64 results (n=68), the agreement between the two assays in MTBC identification was evaluated using MPT64 as the reference standard. Results: The DNA microarray provided species-level identification of mycobacteria in the smear-positive specimens, with MTBC detected in 41.4% (455/1100) of cases. In the comparative analysis with MPT64 results, the microarray demonstrated 100% sensitivity (95% CI: 83.2-100.0), 97.9% specificity (95% CI: 88.7-99.9), and a Cohen's kappa coefficient of 0.97 for MTBC identification. Conclusion: In a real-world setting, the DNA microarray assay demonstrates high reliability for MTBC identification while simultaneously providing species-level information for non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). This capability allows the microarray assay to serve as an effective triage tool for smear-positive sputum specimens, offering species-level differentiation between tuberculosis and NTM infections, with the potential to reduce reliance on additional phenotypic confirmation pending further validation.
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