ArticleJTCVS open2026
The role of sex in multiarterial coronary artery bypass grafting: A landmark and risk factor analysis.
Article in JTCVS open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: Bilateral internal thoracic artery (BITA) grafting is associated with superior long-term outcomes in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), yet sex-based disparities persist, with women facing greater early morbidity and mortality. Methods: This retrospective, single-center cohort study included 2010 patients undergoing CABG with BITA grafts between 2005 and 2024, stratified by biological sex. The primary outcome was a composite of death and repeat coronary revascularization. Analyses included weighted survival curves, landmark analyses excluding early events, competing risk regression by sex, and random survival forests to characterize sex-specific risk profiles. Results: Of 3872 patients undergoing total CABG and 2010 patients undergoing BITA-CABG, 268 (13.3%) were female. Women were older (68.0 vs 65.0 years, Conclusions: Early outcome disparities after BITA-CABG are driven by anatomical and clinical factors in women, including smaller conduit and vessel size and greater perioperative risk, particularly in the immediate postoperative period. Long-term outcomes are similar between sexes once this phase is overcome. Distinct risk profiles underscore the need for individualized, sex-specific management in contemporary CABG care.
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