ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026
Spatial transcriptomics reveals injury-responsive compartments and coordinated immune-fibrotic signaling in ANCA-associated renal vasculitis.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objectives: ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) presents with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, yet the tissue-level molecular landscape in pediatric AAV remains poorly understood. We aimed to characterize spatially resolved renal disease programs across different histopathological stages of pediatric AAV and compared with adult AAV. Methods: We applied spatial transcriptomics to renal biopsies from pediatric patients with AAV representing distinct histological classes defined by the Berden classification (4 control, 2 focal, and 3 non-focal cases), generating an Results: Four disease-associated compartments-immune/interstitial fibroblasts (IM/Fib), glomeruli, myofibroblasts, and vascular compartments-showed distinct compartment-specific signatures that correlated with patient-level histopathology. We further identified coordinated immune-fibrotic signaling associated with different histopathological classes. Integrative analysis with an independent adult AAV spatial transcriptomic cohort revealed conserved core injury programs in glomerular and vascular compartments across age groups, layered with distinct age-dependent immunometabolic and stress-response signatures. Within IM/Fib, the CXCR4-CD74 receptor complex co-localized with IgM Discussion: These tissue-anchored signatures represent potential disease-associated molecular features with possible diagnostic relevance, and highlight the value of this foundational spatial transcriptomics map for generating testable hypotheses to be further evaluated in larger, stratified, treatment-annotated cohorts.
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