ArticleMedicine2026
Development and validation of a scale for evaluating intermittent catheterization ability of family caregivers of patients with neurogenic bladders.
Article in Medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to develop an assessment tool for the intermittent catheterization nursing ability of family caregivers of patients with neurogenic bladders and verify its psychometric characteristics. Using the Farran Comprehensive Care Skills Model as the theoretical framework and by integrating multiple methods, such as literature reviews, semi-structured interviews, group discussions, expert consultations, and pretests, an initial scale was developed. This study was a single-center, cross-sectional survey. A convenience sampling method was used to recruit 255 family caregivers of patients undergoing intermittent catheterization, and data were collected using a questionnaire. Item analysis, reliability tests, and validity tests were conducted to form a formal scale. The formal scale covered 4 dimensions: disease-related professional knowledge, intermittent catheterization care skills, symptom management ability, and psychosocial management ability, with a total of 21 items. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that the cumulative variance contribution rate of the 4 common factors of the scale was 65.879%. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the structural validity of the scale was reasonable; the content validity index at the item level was 0.833 to 1.000, and the average content validity index at the scale level was 0.952; the Cronbach α coefficient of the total scale was 0.889, and the split-half reliability was 0.754. The assessment tool for intermittent catheterization nursing ability of family caregivers of patients with neurogenic bladders developed in this study is commendable. Based on exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, together with multidimensional testing, the scale has demonstrated good reliability and validity and is suitable for the clinical assessment of the catheterization nursing competency of family caregivers.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.