ArticleVirology journal2026
In silico, in vitro, and in vivo evaluation of the antiviral potential of glycyrrhizic acid and chitosan nanoparticles against foot and mouth disease virus.
Article in Virology journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundFoot-and-mouth disease (FMD) considers as one of the extremely infectious diseases with major economic impact on cloven-hoofed animals globally. The causative agent of the disease, Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV), comprises seven serotypes designated as; O, A, SAT1, SAT2, SAT3, C, and Asia1. Over the past decades, studies have shown that glycyrrhizic acid, the primary bioactive compound of licorice root, and chitosan, as a biodegradable and biocompatible natural polymer derived from crustacean shells, are potent candidates for inhibition of FMDV activity. The current work evaluated the potential antiviral efficacy of glycyrrhizic acid nanoparticles (GA-NPs) and chitosan nanoparticles (Ch-NPs) against different FMDV serotypes through computational (molecular docking), in vitro and in vivo assays. MATERIALS AND
methodsThe study included the use of field isolates from local FMD viral outbreaks (O PanAsia-2, A Iran 05, A Africa 2020, A Africa G IV Egypt 2022, A Venezuela, and SAT2/EGY/2012); Glycyrrhizic acid and chitosan nanoparticles were prepared and characterized; antiviral activity was assessed by molecular docking analysis, BHK-21 cell assays, and experimental animal studies using representative FMDV serotypes.
resultsMolecular docking showed that GA-NPs exhibited stronger binding affinity toward the FMDV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (3D
conclusionThese findings highlighted that GA-NPs and Ch-NPs possess broad-spectrum antiviral activity against six FMDV serotypes, supporting their further development as nanoparticle-based antiviral agents for the control of FMD.
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