Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42598789›Full record

ArticleSmall methods2026

The First Electrochemical Cycle: State-of-Charge Dependent Formation and Evolution of the Solid Electrolyte Interphase on Hard Carbon Anodes in Sodium-Ion Batteries.

David Schäfer, Sven Daboss, Sarah Lang, Christine Kranz, Marcus Rohnke

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Small methods, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

David SchäferInstitute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Materials Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Sven DabossInstitute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
Sarah LangInstitute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Materials Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Christine KranzInstitute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6001-0580
Marcus RohnkeInstitute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Materials Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8867-950X

Funding

German Research Foundation 390874152
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Understanding the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is central to improving the performance and longevity of sodium-ion batteries. Here, we combine scanning electron microscopy (SEM), conductive atomic force microscopy (c-AFM), energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), and scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) to investigate SEI formation on Hard Carbon (HC) composite electrodes. Unlike most literature, which analyses the SEI after multiple cycles, we examine different states of charge during the first galvanostatic cycles in sodium half-cells using EC:PC with FEC additive and NaPF

Indexed as

AFMcorrelative imagingformationhard carbonsodium‐ion batterysolid electrolyte interphaseToF‐SIMS

Identifiers

PMID42598789
PMCPMC13599700

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.