ArticleACS applied nano materials2026
Potassium-Doped Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles Functionalized with Urea as a Sustainable Controlled-Release NPK Fertilizer.
Article in ACS applied nano materials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Conventional fertilizers are associated with substantial nutrient losses and environmental impacts, highlighting the need for more sustainable fertilization strategies. Here, we report the synthesis of potassium-doped amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles functionalized with urea (KACP-U) as a controlled-release nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK) nanofertilizer. Structural and compositional analyses confirmed the amorphous nature of the calcium phosphate matrix, effective potassium incorporation, and successful urea loading. Soil column leaching experiments under severe simulated rainfall conditions demonstrated that KACP-U significantly mitigates nutrient losses, with sustained urea release and a marked reduction of phosphorus, calcium, and potassium leaching by more than 1 order of magnitude compared with conventional fertilizers. Greenhouse experiments with corn (
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