ArticleCureus2026
Echocardiographic Findings in Saudi Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Jazan Region.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background and aim Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with structural changes in the heart and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Despite being a common health issue in Saudi Arabia, studies focusing on echocardiographic findings among patients with diabetes in the Jazan region are limited. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and patterns of echocardiographic abnormalities in adult patients with T2DM and identify the demographic and clinical risk factors associated with these abnormalities in the Jazan region. Methods This retrospective study included 168 adult patients with T2DM from two tertiary hospitals in Jazan, Saudi Arabia, who underwent transthoracic echocardiography. Demographic details and clinical history, including BMI, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and diabetes duration, were retrieved from patients' electronic medical records. Statistical analyses, including chi-square tests and logistic regression, were used to determine the relationship between patient characteristics and echocardiographic findings. Results Overall, 85.12% of patients had cardiac abnormalities, with mitral regurgitation (40.5%), left ventricular hypertrophy (30.4%), and tricuspid regurgitation (27.4%) being the most prevalent findings. The prevalence was higher among male patients and those aged 41-60 years and >60 years. A diabetes duration of ≥10 years and poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥7%) were associated with higher odds of cardiac abnormalities. Conclusions In Jazan, echocardiographic abnormalities are common among patients with T2DM. Although diabetes duration of ≥10 years and poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥7%) showed significant crude associations, both remained independently associated with echocardiographic abnormalities in the multivariate model. Routine cardiac screening should be considered, regardless of age, sex, or BMI, as it may help identify and manage cardiac abnormalities.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.