ArticleJournal of Taibah University Medical Sciences2026
Quality, readability, and transparency of Arabic online health information on temporomandibular disorders: An infodemiological analysis of 408 websites.
Article in Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Objectives: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are a common cause of chronic orofacial pain, and patients are increasingly using the Internet to locate health information. However, the quality of web-based information, especially in Arabic, has not been previously evaluated. Methodology: In this study, we analyzed 408 Arabic language websites, including those for medical centers, dental centers, non-profit organizations, and universities. The DISCERN instrument, Journal of the American Medical Association standards, and Health On the Net (HONcode) certification were used to assess quality and reliability. Adapted Flesch Reading Ease (FRE), Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), and Simplified Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG) indices were used as measures of readability. Results: Quality and transparency varied significantly across website affiliations ( Conclusion: Significant shortcomings were found in terms of transparency, evidence attribution, and balance in the presentation of TMD information online in Arabic. We recommend the creation of evidence-based, methodological, and patient-centered Arabic digital health content on TMDs.
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