Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42597730›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2026

Risk assessment of selected bacterial infections acquired in intensive care units in Poland in the years 2019-2023-analysis with the application of the standardized infection ratio.

Monika Filipkowska, Magda Orzechowska, Lukasz Wojcik, Karolina Danilczuk, Mateusz Cybulski

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Article in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Monika FilipkowskaDepartment of Epidemiology, District Sanitary and Epidemiological Station in Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
Magda OrzechowskaDepartment of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
Lukasz WojcikIT Section, Voivodeship Sanitary and Epidemiological Station in Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
Karolina DanilczukUroClinic-Rogowski, Bialystok, Poland.
Mateusz CybulskiDepartment of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Socioeconomic development as well as medical progress has led to a reduction in infectious diseases. The currently observed reappearance of alarming pathogens and the increasing microbial resistance indicate alarming infectious disease resurgence. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of infections with methicillin-resistant Methods: The research material comprised aggregated annual epidemiological data gathered by the Chief Sanitary Inspectorate, which covered all ICUs in Poland in the period from 2019 to 2023, including the number of infections diagnosed after 72 h of hospitalization and the number of ICU person-days. SIR was subjected to an analysis relative to the reference year 2019, and the incidence rate was compared between years and voivodeships with application of the Kruskal-Wallis test and Results: In the case of MRSA, elevated SIR values were observed in the Lublin, Subcarpathian, and Silesian Voivodeships. In the Lodz Voivodeship, compared to 2019, a sustained risk reduction was detected. The multiple increase in the risk of Conclusions: In the years 2020-2023, significant changes in the risk of infection were observed in ICUs in Poland as well as clear regional variations compared to 2019. The largest and most alarming increases concerned infections caused by MBL/NDM-producing

Indexed as

Bacterial InfectionsCross InfectionIntensive Care UnitsAnti-Bacterial AgentsBacteriabeta-LactamasesEnterococcus faeciumHumansIncidenceKlebsiella pneumoniaeMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusPolandRisk AssessmentAnti-Bacterial Agentsbeta-Lactamasesantimicrobial resistancebacterial infectionshealthcare-associated infections (HAIs)ICU-acquired bacterial infectionsintensive care unitpathogensstandardized infection ratio (SIR)

Identifiers

PMID42597730
PMCPMC13469263

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.