Climatic pluriverses: community contributions to socio-ecological resilience from intercultural territories within climate-extractive entanglements in south-central Chile.

Introduction: The climate change crisis intensifies territorial inequalities and gives rise to diverse community responses oriented toward environmental justice, which we term climatic pluriverses. These are initiatives grounded in local knowledges, practices, and ontologies that propose alternatives to universalizing global technopolitical approaches. Within this framework, the Biobío region (Chile), a territory historically shaped by territorial conflicts between the Mapuche people and the Chilean State, presents high climate vulnerability and marked socio-environmental degradation produced by extractive dynamics. We define this intersection of threats as climate-extractive entanglements, whose complexity has exacerbated structural inequalities and strengthened community territorial defenses. Methods: This article analyzes pluriversal experiences through an interdisciplinary approach based on a georeferenced inventory and ethnographic fieldwork grounded in geonarratives across Andean foothill, dryland, and coastal territories. Results and discussion: The results show that these experiences express forms of socioecological resilience based on deep territorial rootedness and ecologically interdependent ties with ecosystems, deploying diverse strategies in response to climate-extractive entanglements. Despite the limitations on collective action, climate pluriverses emerge as alternatives co-produced with nature and with affective rootedness in place that make it possible to rethink community resilience from its socioecological, relational, and decolonial dimensions, contributing new perspectives to academic debate and to the design of climate strategies in interculturally diverse and ecologically degraded territories.