ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026
Beyond HLA: an exploratory pilot study of non-HLA antibodies, HLA sensitization, and GSTT1 genotype in platelet transfusion refractoriness.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objectives: Platelet transfusion refractoriness (PTR) is a common and clinically challenging condition with complex underlying mechanisms. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alloimmunization is the principal cause of immune PTR (iPTR), whereas non-HLA antibodies (non-HLA Abs) are known to contribute to antibody-mediated rejection, microvascular inflammation, interstitial fibrosis, and graft loss. However, whether non-HLA Abs contribute to the development of PTR and how they are associated with HLA alloimmunization remain unclear. Methods: This retrospective study evaluated the expression profiles of 60 non-HLA Abs and the degree of HLA alloimmunization in 32 patients with PTR and 20 healthy blood donors using a multiplex Luminex single-antigen bead assay. Results: The overall positivity rate of non-HLA Abs in PTR patients was significantly higher than that in healthy blood donors (90.63% vs. 55%, Conclusions: In this exploratory pilot study, non-HLA antibody profiles were independently correlated with PTR beyond HLA sensitization, with multiple transfusions as a clinically relevant factor linked to CSF2 and GSTT1 Abs, whereas the
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