Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42595872›Full record

ArticleJournal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association2026

Outcomes at 21 weeks' gestation: a case series with neurodevelopmental follow-up.

Kalsang Dolma, Fabien Eyal, Diksha Shrestha, Bianca Vamesu, Mary Bernadette Munn, Manimaran Ramani, Michael Zayek

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Article in Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Kalsang DolmaDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA. kdolma@health.southalabama.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4157-6148
Fabien EyalDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.
Diksha ShresthaDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-2574-4228
Bianca VamesuDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.
Mary Bernadette MunnDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.
Manimaran RamaniDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.
Michael ZayekDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2835-7023

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo describe survival, short- and long-term outcomes of infants born at 21 weeks' gestation who received neonatal resuscitation.

methodsSingle-center retrospective case series of infants born at 21 + 0/7 to 21 + 6/7 weeks resuscitated from 2004-2024. Resuscitation was offered to selected infants with early physiological stability and, preferably, birth weight > 400 g. Outcomes were compared between 2004-2012 and 2013-2024.

resultsAmong resuscitated infants, survival was 5/19 (26%) in period 1 and 6/16 (37%) in period 2. Lung morbidity and severe retinopathy of prematurity were higher in the later period. Of 11 survivors, 8 (73%) had 2- year follow-up; 3/8 (38%) had severe neurodevelopmental impairment (2/5 vs 1/3). Four survivors attended mainstream schools.

conclusionSurvival at 21 weeks' gestation is limited to highly selected cases. These data add to the limited evidence base and may inform individualized counseling at this gestational age, where the role of routine neonatal resuscitation is not established.

Identifiers

PMID42595872

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