ArticleScientific reports2026
Native myocardial T1 reference values in a tunisian cohort using MOLLI and SMART1Map.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Native T1 values in cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) are influenced by acquisition sequence, physiological factors, and site-specific variability, complicating clinical interpretation. The absence of population-specific reference values further limits diagnostic accuracy. This study aimed to establish native T1 reference ranges in a Tunisian population, evaluate sex- and age-related differences using MOLLI 5(3)3 and SMART1Map sequences, and assess inter-site variability of MOLLI measurements across two centers using identical scanners and protocols. Ninety-four healthy volunteers were enrolled: 64 subjects (24 females, 40 males; 5-77 years) were scanned at Site 1 to establish reference values, and 30 subjects (20 females, 10 males; 19-62 years), frequency-matched by age to a subset of Site 1, were scanned at Site 2 to evaluate site-related variability. MOLLI-derived T1 values showed a significant negative association with age (β = -0.84 ms/year, p = 0.012), whereas SMART1Map-derived values were not associated with age (β = 0.30 ms/year, p = 0.556). SMART1Map consistently yielded higher T1 values than MOLLI (global mean ± SD: 1184 ± 70 ms vs. 1049 ± 55 ms; p < 0.001). Sex-related differences were minimal, with only a small apical difference observed for MOLLI (p = 0.023). Multi-center MOLLI measurements showed similar T1 distributions across sites, with minor differences observed at the mid-ventricular level. These findings provide the first Tunisian-specific native myocardial T1 reference values at 1.5 T, highlighting sequence-dependent differences, age-related effects for MOLLI, minimal sex-related influence, and overall inter-site consistency. These findings support the use of locally derived, sequence-specific reference ranges to improve clinical interpretation.
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