ArticleJDS communications2026
In situ ruminal degradation kinetics of grass-legume mix baleage isoflavones in dairy cows fed diets with different forage:concentrate ratios.
Article in JDS communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Isoflavones are a class of phytoestrogens shown to have positive and negative effects on animal and human health. Red clover (RC) is a major source of isoflavones for dairy cows. We aimed to evaluate the in situ ruminal degradation kinetics of isoflavones from grass-legume (GR-LG) baleage composed of a mix of orchardgrass, white clover, and RC in lactating dairy cows fed diets with different forage:concentrate (F:C) ratios. Four ruminally cannulated multiparous Holstein cows averaging (mean ± SD) 214 ± 38.7 DIM, 741 ± 83.2 kg of BW, 23.1 ± 2.68 kg/d of DMI, and 35.7 ± 5.41 kg/d of milk yield in the beginning of the experiment were used in a crossover design study with 2 periods of 16 d each (14 d for diet adaptation and 2 d for sample incubation and collection). Cows were fed 2 experimental diets (DM basis): (1) low-forage (LF; 50:50 F:C ratio; 24.9% starch and 28.1% ash-free NDF), and (2) high-forage (HF; 70:30 F:C ratio; 20.8% starch and 33.4% ash-free NDF). Approximately 7 g of lyophilized and ground GR-LG baleage samples were weighed in triplicate nylon bags; sequentially incubated in the rumen of each cow in reverse order for 0 (not incubated in the rumen), 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20 h; and simultaneously removed. The effective degradability (ED) of isoflavones in the rumen was calculated using the equation ED =
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