ArticleGland surgery2026
Detection of preoperative serum trace elements in thyroid tumors.
Article in Gland surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The incidence of thyroid tumors has increased sharply worldwide. Some trace elements (Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Se) are essential for maintaining the hormonal balance of the thyroid gland, while other toxic elements (Ni, As, Pt, Mo, Cd, Ti, Pb) may cause various thyroid diseases. Our study aims to investigate whether serum trace elements are related to the occurrence of thyroid tumors. Methods: Preoperative serum samples were collected from patients with thyroid tumors, including 54 benign thyroid tumor cases and 76 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cases. Fifty-one healthy individuals who underwent routine physical examinations were selected as the control group. Serum concentrations of 15 trace elements (Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Se, Ni, As, Pt, Mo, Cd, Ti, Pb) were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Meanwhile, clinical biochemical and thyroid function indicators were detected. Serum levels among the three groups were compared using SPSS 22.0 software. Results: Among the three groups, there was no significant difference in serum biochemical and thyroid function indicators. Among the 15 trace elements, preoperative serum levels of Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Se, and Mo in the benign thyroid tumor and PTC groups were markedly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). However, no significant difference in these 6 trace elements was observed between the benign thyroid tumor and PTC groups. Regarding the remaining 9 trace elements, there was no significant difference among the three groups. Multivariable analyses indicated that only high serum Cu [odds ratio (OR), 1.004; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.002-1.008; P=0.02] and high serum Zn (OR, 1.009; 95% CI: 1.005-1.013; P<0.001) levels were independent risk factors for thyroid tumors. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that serum Cu and Zn had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.720 (sensitivity 63.1% and specificity 76.5%; P<0.001) and 0.781 (sensitivity 63.1% and specificity 88.2%; P<0.001) for distinguishing between thyroid tumors and the control group, respectively. In addition, serum Cu levels in thyroglobulin antibody (TG-Ab)-positive patients were obviously higher compared with those in TG-Ab-negative patients. Conclusions: Our study indicates that the concentrations of preoperative serum trace elements (Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Se, and Mo) may be correlated with thyroid tumors, but they were not associated with the benign or malignant nature of thyroid tumors. Serum Zn may serve as a useful adjunct for the diagnosis of thyroid tumors. Additionally, a high serum Cu concentration is positively correlated with the presence of thyroid autoantibodies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.