ArticleInternational journal of pharmaceutics: X2026
A double-layer scaffold composed of 3D bioprinted layer of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor and electrospun nanofibers of abietic acid for full thickness skin repair.
Article in International journal of pharmaceutics: X, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Wound healing is a multifaceted and dynamic process, and any interruption in this process presents a considerable challenge to healthcare. Advanced wound dressings are essential in improving healing outcomes by offering protection, facilitating tissue regeneration, and preventing infections. This study centers on the development of a biopolymer-based two-layer wound dressing that integrates granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) for tissue regeneration and abietic acid for its anti-inflammatory properties. The lower layer was 3D-printed and composed of sodium alginate, polyacrylamide, sodium CMC and different concentrations of hyaluronic acid infused with G-CSF, while the upper layer was formed from electrospun polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and hyaluronic acid nanofibers containing abietic acid. Different ratios of polyacrylamide to hyaluronic acid were assessed to enhance mechanical properties, swelling behavior, biodegradability, and the proliferation of fibroblast cells (L929). The optimized formulation demonstrated a swelling ratio of 93% and a biodegradation rate of 94%, reflecting favorable hydration and degradation properties appropriate for wound environments. Results from the MTT assay indicated a 168% increase in cell viability after 72 h with the application of the double-layered dressing. An
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.