ArticleJournal of the Endocrine Society2026
Glucose metabolism across COVID-19 and long COVID: a longitudinal study.
Article in Journal of the Endocrine Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Background: COVID-19 has been associated with new-onset diabetes. Prior studies are limited by lack of pre-infection data and preexisting cardiometabolic factors. Clarifying how COVID-19 and long COVID (LC) affect glucose metabolism is essential to guide prevention. We evaluated longitudinal changes in glycemic and cardiometabolic markers after SARS-CoV-2 infection in a prospective cohort with pre-infection baseline measurements. Methods: We included 821 uninfected adult participants from the RECOVER cohort who subsequently developed COVID-19, characterizing participants in their pre-COVID state. Data from up to 12 months post-infection were compared to pre-infection baseline. Participants with preexisting diabetes or pregnancy were excluded. The primary endpoint was change in HbA1c up to 12 months after infection. Analysis was stratified by LC status using the 2024 RECOVER Adult Long COVID Research Index (LCRI). Results: HbA1c remained stable from pre-infection to 12 months post-infection (5.39% vs 5.40%; Conclusion: In this cohort with pre-infection baseline data, we found no significant changes in HbA1c or cardiometabolic biomarkers through 12 months after infection, although 10-year ASCVD risk slightly increased. These findings emphasize the importance of longitudinal assessment in differentiating transient physiological changes from persistent cardiometabolic disease after COVID-19.
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