ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026
IgG subclasses and their significance in pemphigus disease progression monitoring.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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10 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses have been documented to have a close association with pemphigus. Nevertheless, the relationship among IgG subclasses, anti-desmoglein (anti-Dsg) autoantibodies, and disease activity remains ambiguous, and their potential utility in monitoring disease progression has yet to be fully clarified. Objective: This study aims to unravel the associations among IgG subclasses, autoantibodies, and disease activity, thereby offering specific serological evidence to facilitate accurate disease assessment. Methods: Confirmed pemphigus patients (n=183) and healthy controls (n=38) were enrolled. Chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) was used to measure serum levels of IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4 in all participants. For pemphigus patients, the levels of anti-Dsg1 and Dsg3 autoantibodies were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The correlations of IgG subclasses with anti-Dsg1 and Dsg3 autoantibodies, and pemphigus disease area index (PDAI) were evaluated in different disease stages. Results: Overall, pemphigus patients showed significantly lower levels of IgG3 and IgG4 ( Conclusion: IgG2 and IgG3 may serve as valuable adjunctive markers to existing assays for Dsg antibodies. Detection of IgG2 and IgG3 could serve as effective serological tools for judging disease status and facilitating individualized clinical assessment.
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