ArticleCureus2026
Clinical and Biochemical Determinants of Acute Kidney Injury in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: A Prospective Observational Study From a Tertiary Care Centre in North India.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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3 authors.
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Abstract
Background Cardiorenal syndrome type 1 (CRS-1), manifesting as acute kidney injury (AKI) during episodes of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), constitutes a clinically significant complication with independent adverse effects on both short- and long-term patient outcomes. Delineating the clinical, echocardiographic, and biochemical factors predisposing to this complication is foundational to risk-guided cardiorenal management. Prospective regional data from the Indian subcontinent addressing this clinical question remain insufficient. Materials and methods A prospective observational investigation enrolled 100 sequential adults who met the 2021 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) criteria for ADHF and were admitted to the Intensive Cardiac Care Unit and Medical ICU at Maharishi Markandeshwar University of Medical Sciences and Research (MMIMSR), Ambala, Haryana, India. AKI was ascertained using the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2012 serum creatinine thresholds after exclusion of competing aetiologies. Comorbid diagnoses, echocardiographic indices (Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF), phenotypic classification), and admission biochemistry including serum sodium and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were prospectively documented. Associations between different variables and AKI were evaluated using Chi-square analysis, independent-samples t-test or Mann-Whitney
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