Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42591500›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in pediatrics2026

Patient backgrounds and outcomes of mechanically ventilated children treated in pediatric intensive-care units versus general intensive-care units in Japan: a retrospective cohort study using a national inpatient database.

Yoshio Sakurai, Nobuaki Michihata, Kohei Osada, Shingo Kobayashi, Wataru Sakamoto, Yuta Uchida, Kuniya Ishii, Hiroya Yokohari, Toshiaki Isogai, Hiroki Matsui and 3 more

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Article in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Yoshio SakuraiDepartment of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
Nobuaki MichihataCancer Prevention Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan.
Kohei OsadaDepartment of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
Shingo KobayashiDepartment of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
Wataru SakamotoDepartment of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
Yuta UchidaDepartment of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
Kuniya IshiiDepartment of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
Hiroya YokohariDepartment of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
Toshiaki IsogaiDepartment of Cardiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
Hiroki MatsuiDepartment of Health Services Research, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Kiyohide FushimiDepartment of Health Policy and Informatics, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Kensuke YoshimuraDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Hideo YasunagaDepartment of Health Services Research, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: Pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) are well developed in Western countries and have been linked to improved survival. However, evidence comparing the outcomes between PICUs and general intensive care units (GICUs) remains inconsistent. In Japan, limited PICU capacity raises concerns that many children receive critical care in GICUs. This study compared the clinical outcomes between these settings using a national inpatient database and propensity score overlap weighting analyses. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using a national Japanese inpatient database from July 2010 to March 2022. We included mechanically ventilated children aged ≤14 years admitted to ICUs and compared patient characteristics between those treated in PICUs and GICUs. In-hospital mortality was evaluated using overlap weighting analyses. Results: Of the 48,106 eligible patients, 36% received care in PICUs. After overlap weighting analyses, PICU care was associated with a significantly lower in-hospital mortality than GICU care (mean 2.73% vs. 3.42%; odds ratio, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.69-0.91; Conclusion: Most mechanically ventilated children in Japanese ICUs were treated in GICUs. Pediatric patient care in GICUs was associated with higher mortality relative to that in PICUs, underscoring the need for further centralization.

Indexed as

general intensive care unitin-hospital mortalitymechanical ventilationoutcomepediatric intensive care unit

Identifiers

PMID42591500
PMCPMC13462237

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