ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2026
Achieving ≥70% of energy requirements during early enteral nutrition and short-term inflammatory-metabolic profiles in critically ill patients with sepsis: a prospective cohort study.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Sepsis is characterized by dysregulated inflammation, profound metabolic stress, and a high risk of protein-energy malnutrition in critically ill patients. This study examined the association between achieving ≥70% of estimated energy requirements during early enteral nutrition and short-term inflammatory-metabolic profiles in patients with sepsis. Methods: This prospective observational cohort study was conducted between November 2024 and May 2025 in the intensive care unit of a state hospital in Turkey. A total of 201 patients with sepsis receiving enteral nutrition were classified according to whether they achieved <70% or ≥70% of estimated energy requirements during the first 7 days. Biochemical and inflammatory parameters were assessed at baseline and on Day 7, and prognostic nutritional indices, including the Prognostic-Nutritional-Index (PNI) and C-reactive-protein-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index, were calculated. Between-group changes and adjusted day 7 outcomes were evaluated using appropriate comparative tests and ANCOVA models adjusted for baseline values, age, sex, BMI, and NRS-2002. Results: The ≥70% energy adequacy group showed significant within-group reductions in CRP, urea, and creatinine by Day 7 (all Conclusion: The between-group difference in the prespecified change in CRP was not statistically significant. However, secondary adjusted analyses showed lower Day 7 CRP and urea values in patients achieving ≥70% energy adequacy. These findings should be considered exploratory and interpreted cautiously because of the observational design.
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