ArticleNature physics2026
Hamiltonian description of non-reciprocal interactions.
Article in Nature physics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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4 authors.
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Abstract
In many systems, including sedimenting particles and bird flocks, interactions do not derive from a potential and are generally non-reciprocal, meaning that they do not obey the action-reaction principle. As a result, one cannot define a conventional energy function or use analytical and numerical tools that rely on it. Here we address this limitation by constructing a Hamiltonian with auxiliary degrees of freedom that, under a constraint, generates the original non-reciprocal dynamics. We show that Monte Carlo simulations based on the constrained Hamiltonian reproduce both stationary and non-stationary states of the original Langevin dynamics, as we illustrate for dissipative
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