Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42590717›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Sensor System Design and Deployment for Environmental and Visitor Monitoring in Cultural Heritage Sites.

Sofía Aparicio, Fernando Ramonet, Lidia Abad, Darío Sánchez, Antonio de la Cruz, Tianyu Yin, Rundong Zhang, José Javier Anaya

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sofía AparicioInstitute of Physical and Information Technologies Leonardo Torres Quevedo (ITEFI), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Serrano 144, 28006 Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-4069-015X
Fernando RamonetInstitute of Physical and Information Technologies Leonardo Torres Quevedo (ITEFI), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Serrano 144, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
Lidia AbadInstitute of Physical and Information Technologies Leonardo Torres Quevedo (ITEFI), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Serrano 144, 28006 Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0009-0007-1558-8184
Darío SánchezInstitute of Physical and Information Technologies Leonardo Torres Quevedo (ITEFI), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Serrano 144, 28006 Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0009-0001-5734-8812
Antonio de la CruzInstitute of Physical and Information Technologies Leonardo Torres Quevedo (ITEFI), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Serrano 144, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
Tianyu YinInstitute of Physical and Information Technologies Leonardo Torres Quevedo (ITEFI), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Serrano 144, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
Rundong ZhangInstitute of Physical and Information Technologies Leonardo Torres Quevedo (ITEFI), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Serrano 144, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
José Javier AnayaInstitute of Physical and Information Technologies Leonardo Torres Quevedo (ITEFI), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Serrano 144, 28006 Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-2415-471X

Funding

European Union 101132308
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this paper the design, development, and validation of a set of low-power low-cost sensor systems intended for environmental monitoring and visitor tracking in cultural heritage sites are shown. These systems have been deployed in five pilot cases in four different countries in Europe inside the European ARGUS project. Two different approaches have been defined in the design: the static systems installed in fixed positions and the dynamic systems installed in a moving robot, i.e., a quadruped robot or a drone. The Baltanás pilot site has served as the primary testing platform, enabling accelerated prototyping and iterative improvement before deployment across additional pilot locations. This paper presents the design criteria, system architectures, and performance evaluation of these sensor networks, including thermal-humidity probes, volumetric water content sensors, wind measurement systems, pollution monitors, and two generations of visitor counting devices.

Indexed as

cultural heritageIoT sensorsmonitoringWSNs

Identifiers

PMID42590717
PMCPMC13469349

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.