Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42590651›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Influence of Neutral Axis on Performance Stability of Flexible Antennas for ISM Band Wearable Applications.

Dipon Saha, Nursabirah Jamel, Illani Mohd Nawi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Dipon SahaDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0003-0647-8518
Nursabirah JamelFaculty of Electrical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-6655-3957
Illani Mohd NawiDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0001-9716-8229

Funding

Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS), Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia RACER/1/2019/TK04/UNIMAP//4Total Energies EP Malaysia 015MD0-169
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Wearable textile antennas are commonly used in various applications nowadays, such as watches and clothes; however, they are still subjected to degradation in the reflection coefficient and shift in the resonance frequency due to bending or twisting. This study presents a neutral axis-based encapsulation technique to improve the electromagnetic stability of flexible antennas. A 2.45 GHz CPW patch antenna is designed using a polyester substrate, silver conductive layer, and TPU as encapsulation for the encapsulated antenna. By aligning the conductive layer with the neutral axis, the proposed antenna achieved stable resonance characteristics under both convex and concave bending conditions. In contrast, the non-encapsulated antenna exhibited significant resonance degradation under deformation. Comparative analysis further showed that displacing the conductive layer away from the neutral axis increased the maximum resonance frequency shift to 8.38%, whereas the neutral axis aligned configuration maintained a substantially lower shift of only 3.55%. These results validate the effectiveness of neutral axis engineering for enhancing the deformation resilience of flexible wearable antennas.

Indexed as

antenna bendingCPW patchencapsulationneutral axiswearable antenna

Identifiers

PMID42590651
PMCPMC13468956

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.