ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Comprehensive Evaluation of the Flame-Retardant, Rheological, and Durability Performance of Fast-Melting Warm-Mix Composite Modified Asphalt Binders.
Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Improving the flame-retardant performance of asphalt is particularly important for tunnel pavements, where confined environments can intensify fire hazards and smoke accumulation. This study prepared different modified asphalt binders to investigate their flame-retardant performance and rheological properties. The limiting oxygen index and smoke density rating were first used to evaluate the flame-retardant and smoke-suppression performance. Frequency sweep tests were then conducted to analyze the rheological behavior, aging characteristics, and low-temperature cracking resistance of the binders. Finally, microscopic tests were performed to reveal the thermal decomposition behavior and modification mechanism. Results showed that the incorporation of FR02 increased the limiting oxygen index of the warm-mix modified binders by more than 47%. Among the investigated binders, 13% fast-melting warm-mix flame-retardant composite modifier (SBS-WZ) exhibited the highest limiting oxygen index of 30.95% and the lowest smoke density rating of 57.73, indicating the best experimentally measured flame-retardant and smoke-suppression performance. At a reduced frequency of approximately 10
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