ArticlePolymers2026
Influence of Polymer Inclusion Membrane Composition on Cd(II) Transport in Seawater and Desalination Brines.
Article in Polymers, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The transport of metal ions from highly saline matrices remains challenging due to the elevated ionic strength and complex chemical speciation that characterize seawater and desalination brines. In this work, the influence of membrane composition on Cd(II) transport through polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) was evaluated using cellulose triacetate (CTA), poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), and poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) membranes containing Aliquat 336. Membranes were tested using model NaCl solutions, seawater, and desalination brine, and the effects of membrane mass, polymer matrix, carrier/plasticizer composition, and receiving phase were investigated. Reducing the CTA membrane mass by 50% did not significantly affect transport efficiency, indicating that membrane composition had a greater influence on Cd(II) transport than membrane mass under the conditions evaluated. Among the evaluated formulations, the optimum PVDF-HFP membrane contained 60 wt.% PVDF-HFP, 30 wt.% Aliquat 336, and 10 wt.% butyl stearate (BTS), achieving a transport efficiency of 95.5% and an initial flux of 2.7 × 10
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