ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026
Ophiobolin A Induces an Apoptotic Transcriptional Signature and Modulates Redox Homeostasis in T98G and U118MG Glioblastoma Cells: A Machine Learning Approach.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Gliomas are the most common group of primary brain tumors, among which glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is characterized by a particularly poor prognosis and the limited effectiveness of available treatments. Ophiobolin A (OP-A), a natural sesterterpenoid, exhibits promising anticancer properties, including the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and induce paraptosis-like cell death. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its action, especially in the early phase of the cellular response, remain not fully understood. The aim of this study was to analyze early changes in the expression of genes associated with apoptosis, ferroptosis, and antioxidant mechanisms in T98G and U118MG glioma cells exposed to OP-A. Gene expression was assessed by RT-qPCR, apoptosis was evaluated using Annexin V/PI staining and flow cytometry, and treatment-induced morphological changes were documented by brightfield microscopy. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Descriptive Annexin V/PI analysis showed a lower proportion of viable cells and a higher proportion of early apoptotic cells in the analyzed OP-A-treated T98G and U118MG samples compared with the corresponding vehicle-control samples. These preliminary observations were based on technical replicates from a single biological experiment and require confirmation in independent biological replicates. Transcriptional profiling revealed a shift toward a pro-apoptotic phenotype, characterized by increased
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